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020 _a9789400765764
_9978-94-007-6576-4
024 7 _a10.1007/978-94-007-6576-4
_2doi
050 4 _aGC1-1581
072 7 _aRBKC
_2bicssc
072 7 _aSCI052000
_2bisacsh
082 0 4 _a551.46
_223
100 1 _aGupta, Harsh K.
_eauthor.
245 1 0 _aThree Great Tsunamis: Lisbon (1755), Sumatra-Andaman (2004) and Japan (2011)
_h[electronic resource] /
_cby Harsh K. Gupta, Vineet K. Gahalaut.
264 1 _aDordrecht :
_bSpringer Netherlands :
_bImprint: Springer,
_c2013.
300 _aIX, 89 p. 69 illus., 59 illus. in color.
_bonline resource.
336 _atext
_btxt
_2rdacontent
337 _acomputer
_bc
_2rdamedia
338 _aonline resource
_bcr
_2rdacarrier
347 _atext file
_bPDF
_2rda
490 1 _aSpringerBriefs in Earth Sciences,
_x2191-5369
505 0 _a1. Fundamentals of Tsunami -- 1755 Lisbon Earthquake and Tsunami -- 2004 Sumatra-Andaman Earthquake and Tsunami -- 2011 Tohoku-Oki Earthquake and Tsunami -- Global Effort to Forecast and Mitigate Tsunami Hazard -- Looking into the Future.
520 _aTsunamis are primarily caused by earthquakes. Under favourable geological conditions, when a large earthquake occurs below the sea bed and the resultant rupture causes a vertical displacement of the ocean bed, the entire column of water above it is displaced, causing a tsunami. In the ocean, tsunamis do not reach great heights but can travel at velocities of up to 1000 km/hour. As a tsunami reaches shallow sea depths, there is a decrease in its velocity and an increase in its height. Tsunamis are known to have reached heights of several tens of meters and inundate several kilometres inland from the shore. Tsunamis can also be caused by displacement of substantial amounts of water by landslides, volcanic eruptions, glacier calving and rarely by meteorite impacts and nuclear tests in the ocean. In this SpringerBrief, the causes of tsunamis, their intensity and magnitude scales, global distribution and a list of major tsunamis are provided. The three great tsunamis of 1755, 2004 and 2011are presented in detail. The 1755 tsunami caused by the Lisbon earthquake, now estimated to range from Mw 8.5 to 9.0, was the most damaging tsunami ever in the Atlantic ocean. It claimed an estimated 100,000 human lives and caused wide-spread damage. The 2004 Sumatra Andaman Mw 9.1 earthquake and the resultant tsunami were the deadliest ever to hit the globe, claiming over 230,000 human lives and causing wide-spread financial losses in several south and south-east Asian countries. The 2011 Mw 9.0 Tohoku-Oki earthquake and the resultant tsunami were a surprise to the seismologists in Japan and around the globe. The height of the tsunami far exceeded the estimated heights. It claimed about 20,000 human lives. The tsunami also caused nuclear accidents. This earthquake has given rise to a global debate on how to estimate the maximum size of an earthquake in a given region and the safety of nuclear power plants in coastal regions. This Brief also includes a description of key components of tsunami warning centres, progress in deploying tsunami watch and warning facilities globally, tsunami advisories and their communication, and the way forward.
650 0 _aEarth sciences.
650 0 _aGeophysics.
650 0 _aOceanography.
650 0 _aNatural disasters.
650 0 _aPhysical measurements.
650 0 _aMeasurement.
650 0 _aFluid mechanics.
650 1 4 _aEarth Sciences.
650 2 4 _aOceanography.
650 2 4 _aNatural Hazards.
650 2 4 _aGeophysics/Geodesy.
650 2 4 _aMeasurement Science and Instrumentation.
650 2 4 _aEngineering Fluid Dynamics.
700 1 _aGahalaut, Vineet K.
_eauthor.
710 2 _aSpringerLink (Online service)
773 0 _tSpringer eBooks
776 0 8 _iPrinted edition:
_z9789400765757
830 0 _aSpringerBriefs in Earth Sciences,
_x2191-5369
856 4 0 _uhttp://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-6576-4
912 _aZDB-2-EES
942 _2Dewey Decimal Classification
_ceBooks
999 _c48889
_d48889